Is The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920) public domain?

Country of origin: DE · Last verified: 2026-07-12 · Researched by Bit Git — RightsAtlas research (AI-assisted, human-reviewed)

Film print: Clear — this verdict covers the film print only, not the layers below.

⚠️ Planning to upload or monetize? A public-domain film print does not clear the music score, story, or restorations — and the score is the single most common cause of YouTube Content ID claims. Check every layer, not just the print.
Pre-1972 sound recordings can be protected under US state law and the Music Modernization Act until 2067 or later — the print being public domain does not free the recorded music.

Watching: Watching via the linked archival copies is generally the lowest-risk activity.

Reusing / monetizing: The film print may be free, but at least one layer (music, story, or restoration) is unresolved — expect Content ID claims; keep evidence handy and consider removing or replacing the score.

📄 Download the print-layer research packet (Markdown) — citations you can attach to a dispute. Not legal advice; print layer only.

Rights, layer by layer

A film is not one copyright — it is several. Each layer below can be free or protected independently. This is why one-click “public domain” answers are wrong so often.

Film print (photoplay)	Clear	term_expiry Published 1920; the full US term expired long ago, and expiry cannot be undone by the URAA. Public domain in the US regardless of German origin. — Cornell Copyright Term chart
Music score	Active rights	research_note Silent film — modern score recordings on circulating copies are separately protected.
Underlying story / screenplay	Clear	term_expiry Original screenplay (Mayer/Janowitz), 1920 — expired.
Character trademarks	Unclear	research_note No known active marks.
Restorations / re-releases	Active rights	research_note The 2014 4K restoration (Murnau Foundation) is separately protected — use archival prints.

Automatic rule notes

Published 1920: US copyright term (95 years) has expired for works published through 1930 — the film print is public domain in the US by term expiry, regardless of country of origin.

Watch it free (archival copies)

Internet Archive · SD

Background

The film that invented the horror movie — painted shadows, tilted sets, a somnambulist killer and the first great twist ending — has been free in the US for generations. Every layer of the original is expired: images, screenplay, design.

As with all silents, the audio on your copy is the only trap: modern recordings are protected. The other trap is sourcing from the gorgeous 2014 restoration, which carries fresh rights. Archival prints plus your own score is the clean path.

Common questions

Can I use Caligari's imagery in my own work?

Yes — the film's expressionist imagery is public domain and has influenced a century of design. Archival prints only; replace the audio.

Is German Expressionism itself protected?

Styles are never copyrightable — only specific expressions. The style is free; a specific modern restoration is not.